Prompt: Philip II of Spain (1556-1598) built the Escorial and Louis XIV of France (1643-1715) built Versailles. Starting with the pictures of these palaces, analyze the similarities and differences in the conception and practice of monarchy of these two kings.
ESCORIAL
VERSAILLES
Thesis: The two monarchs, Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France, varied on their concepts of ruling because Louis XIV loved drove France into a financial crisis with war while Philip II mainly focoused on Catholicizing natives and England.
Philip II of Spain
Catholic, had Vatican support
Palace of Escorial
reflects gold wealth from New World
refused to delegate tasks (overworked himself)
Jesuits:
sent to new world to Christianize Natives
Battle of Lepanto:
Spain was led by Holy League, victory over Turkish (Muslim) fleet
Conquistadors:
conqurered and converted natives to Christianity
Inquisition
used to (Natives) validate Catholicism of Christians
married to Queen Mary (Tudor)
marraige was an effort to re-Catholicize England
Treaty of Tordesillas
split world into Portugese and Spanish trading territories
had rule over the 10 Southern Provinces in Netherlands, all Catholic and loyal to Philip II
Duke of Alva
Philip II sent Duke of Alva with 10,000 Spanish troops to crush rebels (Northern Provinces)
Council of Troubles/(Blood)-reign of terror
Armada
failed attempt to invade/Catholicize England
Louis XIV of France (Sun King)
loved war
Palace of Versailles
Voltaire wrote- Age of Louis XIV
believed in theory of absolute monarchy and conciously fostered the myth of himself "sun king" (source of all light for his people)
removed high nobles and royal princes from Royal Council, kept them preoccupied with courtlife and away from politics
relied on ministers =gave Louis control over the traditional areas of monarchial power
Francious Michel Le Tellier (secretary state of war)
Hugues de Lionne (secretary for freign affairs)
Jean Baptiste Colbert (treasurer)
Quartering of Soldiers
wanted to converse Protestants to Catholics in Catholic France
Edict of Fountaineblau
destruction of Huguenots churches and closing of schools
Prompt:
Philip II of Spain (1556-1598) built the Escorial and Louis XIV of France (1643-1715) built Versailles. Starting with the pictures of these palaces, analyze the similarities and differences in the conception and practice of monarchy of these two kings.
ESCORIAL
VERSAILLES
Thesis: The two monarchs, Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France, varied on their concepts of ruling because Louis XIV loved drove France into a financial crisis with war while Philip II mainly focoused on Catholicizing natives and England.
Philip II of Spain
- refused to delegate tasks (overworked himself)
- Jesuits:
- sent to new world to Christianize Natives
- Battle of Lepanto:
- Spain was led by Holy League, victory over Turkish (Muslim) fleet
- Conquistadors:
- conqurered and converted natives to Christianity
- Inquisition
- used to (Natives) validate Catholicism of Christians
- married to Queen Mary (Tudor)
- marraige was an effort to re-Catholicize England
- Treaty of Tordesillas
- split world into Portugese and Spanish trading territories
- had rule over the 10 Southern Provinces in Netherlands, all Catholic and loyal to Philip II
- Duke of Alva
- Philip II sent Duke of Alva with 10,000 Spanish troops to crush rebels (Northern Provinces)
- Council of Troubles/(Blood)-reign of terror
- Armada
- failed attempt to invade/Catholicize England
Louis XIV of France (Sun King)- loved war
- Palace of Versailles
- Voltaire wrote- Age of Louis XIV
- believed in theory of absolute monarchy and conciously fostered the myth of himself "sun king" (source of all light for his people)
- removed high nobles and royal princes from Royal Council, kept them preoccupied with courtlife and away from politics
- relied on ministers =gave Louis control over the traditional areas of monarchial power
- Francious Michel Le Tellier (secretary state of war)
- Hugues de Lionne (secretary for freign affairs)
- Jean Baptiste Colbert (treasurer)
- Quartering of Soldiers
- wanted to converse Protestants to Catholics in Catholic France
- Edict of Fountaineblau
- destruction of Huguenots churches and closing of schools
- financial issues (wars, Verailles, maintaining court)
~Wars of Louis XIV- War of Devolution (1667-1668)
- invade Spanish Netherlands & Franche-Comte
- Triple Alliance (Dutch, England, Swedes) forced Louis for peace
- Dutch War (1672-1678)
- Louis never forgave Triple Alliance and invaded United Provinces
- Peace at Nimwegen (1678): Louis recieved Franche-Comte=more appetite for more land
- League of Ausburg formed (Spain, HRE, United Provinces, Sweden, and England)
- War of League of Ausburg (1689-1697)
- lasted 8 years=economic depression and famine to France
- Treaty of Ryswick: ended war, Louis gave up most conquests and gains weren't worth the struggle/misery it caused France
- War of Spanish Sccession (1702-1713)
- Fear of France and Spain may combine due to succession of the Spanish throne
- Peace of Utrecht (1713) and Rastatt (1714): ensured France and Spain remained separate
Sources:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain