Martin+Luther+and+John+Calvin


 * Martin Luther and John Calvin** by Saya Hayashi

//Agreement//
 * Religious authority rested on the Bible
 * No need for pope or any high authorities
 * Rejected the idea that good works were needed for salvation
 * Kept the church sacraments: baptism and Lord’s Supper
 * Salvation by faith

//Difference// Luther Calvin o Predestination—eternal decree; God predetermines who would be saved and who would be damned o //The Institutes of Christian Religion// o Unity of church and state o Ecclesiastical Ordinances—4 offices: pastors, teachers, elders, and deacons o Lord’s Supper—Jesus is spiritually present
 * Rejected idea of predestination
 * Justification by faith alone—good deeds were unnecessary
 * Every person should serve God in its individual calling
 * Clergy—serve as pastors
 * Lutheranism
 * 95 Theses—indictment of abuses in sale of indulgences
 * Lord’s Supper—denied transubstantiation (substance of bread and wine is miraculously transformed into Jesus’ body and blood)
 * Church should be ruled by the state