New+Monarchs

Michael Helson "New Monarchies" came into power in the 15th and 16th centuries. How were they new, and how did their actions support their name?  Ø **__France __**  · **Hundred Years' War **: left France in sorry state  · allowed centralized government to take power-much like Germany when Nazis came to power  · New because control of purse and church was established under Charles VII, then creating a sound territorial state under Louis XI  Ø **__England __**   · ** <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Hundred Years War: **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Pitted House of Lancaster against House of York <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">War of the Roses: **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Lancaster defeated York and set up Tudor dynasty <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Henry VII: **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> established strong monarchical government <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">New because he eliminated private wars of nobility by abolishing liver and maintenance <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">set up Court of Star Chamber--did not use juries, allowed torture to be used to extract confessions; controlled irresponsible activity of nobles <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">successful in extracting income from financial resources such as the crown lands, judicial fees and fines, and customs duties <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">used diplomacy to avoid wars thus avoided having to call Parliament to grant funds <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">encouraged commercial activity by increasing wool exports, royal export taxes on wool rose <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Ø **__<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Spain __**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Isabella and Ferdinand **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">worked to strengthen royal control of government <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">New because of: <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">hermandades //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> or brotherhoods organized which became new national militia- disbanded when they became obsolete/unneeded <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">corregidores //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">: replaced corrupt municipal officials <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">made Spanish army great <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">controlled church <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Cardinal Ximenes doctrines: hard discipline and elimination of immorality among monks and clergy <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">conversos: //<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> Jew and Muslim converts due to mass persecution <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Charles I **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">: grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella, inherited complete power of Spain <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> Ø **__<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Holy Roman Empire __**<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Habsburg dynasty **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">New Because: German states within HRE built up bureaucracies, standing armies, fiscal systems, and a law system, and posed a threat to the church, just like the other new monarchies <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">success because of well-executed policy of dynastic marriages <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Frederick III **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Though marriage, made Habsburgs international power, brought French hatred <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Maximilian I **<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="line-height: 150%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1.5in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · <span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">attempted to centralize administration by creating new institutions common to the empire through parliament but failed because of German prince opposition